Chromosomes, genes and DNA (CCEA) - BBC Bitesize.
What are chromosomes? Chromosomes are string-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. The word chromosome is derived from the Greek words “chromo” meaning colour and “soma” meaning body. Scientists gave this name to chromosomes because the structures become strongly stained when colourful dyes are applied to them. Chromosomes occur in pairs, and there are a.
Chromosomes carry genetic information in a molecule called DNA. A type of cell division called mitosis ensures that when a cell divides each new cell produced has the same genetic information.
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made up of protein and a single molecule of DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique. Males and females differ in a pair of chromosomes known as the sex chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) in their cells, while males have one X.
These descriptions say there are 46 chromosomes and that it is a male or female. 46,XX,del(14)(q23) Female with 46 chromosomes with a deletion of chromosome 14 on the long arm (q) at band 23. 46,XY,dup(14)(q22q25) Male with 46 chromosomes with a duplication of chromosome 14 on the long arm (q) involving bands 22 to 25. 46,XX,r(7)(p22q36).
Chromosomes are thread-like elements in the cell nucleus. Each chromosome has a constriction called the centromere, which divides chromosomes into short (p for petite) and long (q) arms. The tip of each chromosome is the telomere. The latter is important for sealing the end of the chromosome and maintaining stability and integrity. The telomere.
Chromosomes are visualized under a light microscope as consisting of a continuous series of light and dark bands when stained with different dyes. The pattern of light and dark bands results because of different amounts of A and T versus G and C bases in regions of the chromosomes. A common method for staining chromosomes to obtain a banding pattern is the use of a Giemsa dye mixture that.